After completing a B.A. in Biology at the University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Maheshwari attended the New York University School of Medicine. She completed her internal medicine residency training at Massachusetts General Hospital, followed by fellowship training in pulmonary and critical care medicine at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF), where she served as Chief Fellow. She also completed subspecialty fellowship training in advanced lung disease and lung transplantation at UCSF. She subsequently joined the faculty as a transplant pulmonologist.